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<h2>📦 <strong>RECOMMENDED PACKAGE OF PRACTICE FOR RADISH</strong></h2>

<hr />
<h3>🔍 <strong>1. Variety Overview</strong></h3>

<table>
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>Parameter</th>
			<th>Details</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td> </td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td> </td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Type</strong></td>
			<td>Asiatic/Tropical radish</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Maturity</strong></td>
			<td>40–50 days</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Root Color</strong></td>
			<td>White, smooth, cylindrical</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Sowing Season</strong></td>
			<td>March–April, June–September</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<hr />
<h3>🌾 <strong>2. Climate and Soil Requirements</strong></h3>

<table>
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>Factor</th>
			<th>Optimal Condition</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Climate</strong></td>
			<td>Warm and humid, best at 20–30°C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Soil</strong></td>
			<td>Sandy loam, well-drained, rich in organic matter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Soil pH</strong></td>
			<td>6.0 to 7.5</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<hr />
<h3>🚜 <strong>3. Land Preparation</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>2–3 ploughings to fine tilth.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Add <strong>20–25 tons/ha of well-rotted FYM or compost</strong>.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Form ridges and furrows or raised beds for better drainage.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<hr />
<h3>🌱 <strong>4. Sowing Details</strong></h3>

<table>
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>Aspect</th>
			<th>Specification</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Sowing time</strong></td>
			<td>March–April (summer crop), June–September (kharif)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Seed rate</strong></td>
			<td>8–10 kg/ha</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Spacing</strong></td>
			<td>30 cm (row to row) × 10 cm (plant to plant)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Seed treatment</strong></td>
			<td>Treat with Trichoderma @ 5 g/kg seed to prevent damping off</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<hr />
<h3>🧪 <strong>5. Nutrient Management</strong> <em>(per hectare)</em></h3>

<table>
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>Fertilizer</th>
			<th>Dose</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>FYM</td>
			<td>20–25 tons</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nitrogen (N)</td>
			<td>60 kg (half basal, half after 30 days)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphorus (P)</td>
			<td>40 kg (basal)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potash (K)</td>
			<td>40 kg (basal)</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p><em>Incorporate micronutrients like boron (1–2 kg/ha) if deficiency is observed (prevents hollow roots).</em></p>

<hr />
<h3>💧 <strong>6. Irrigation</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Pre-sowing irrigation is essential.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Light irrigation immediately after sowing.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Then irrigate every 7–10 days.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Avoid waterlogging (leads to root rot).</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<hr />
<h3>🐛 <strong>7. Weed and Pest Management</strong></h3>

<table>
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>Issue</th>
			<th>Management Practice</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Weeds</strong></td>
			<td>1–2 hand weedings or pre-emergence herbicide like Pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i./ha</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Aphids</strong></td>
			<td>Spray neem oil 2% or Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Root borer</strong></td>
			<td>Soil drenching with Chlorpyrifos 2 ml/L</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Diseases</strong></td>
			<td>Use Mancozeb 2.5 g/L for leaf spots</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<hr />
<h3>⏱️ <strong>8. Harvesting</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p><strong>Duration</strong>: 40–50 days after sowing.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><strong>Harvest</strong> when roots are of medium size (15–20 cm), smooth, and not fibrous.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Delay in harvesting leads to pithiness and poor market quality.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h3>🧺 9<strong>. Post-Harvest Handling</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Wash and grade roots.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Tie in bunches of 5–10 roots.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Transport in crates or bamboo baskets to avoid mechanical injury.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Store in cool, moist conditions for short-term preservation.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

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